总之，就是用几何方法或是在曲面上建立二重积分。
Use geometry or you need to set up for double integral of a surface.
在跟踪求交的算法中充分利用了交线的几何特性，按等弓高误差快速精确地求取曲面上的交线。
The algorithm makes full use of geometric information of intersecting lines to speed up the calculation according to the arc height tolerance.
测地线在光滑曲面上有很好的几何性质，也有相应的测地线偏微分方程表达以及一些解析的方法来求解。
Geodesics on smooth surface have many good geometric properties and there are equivalent partial differential equations and analytical methods solving it.
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