缓冲区缓存——为存储从物理数据文件读取的数据块而分配的内存。

Buffer Cache - Memory allocated for storing data blocks read from physical data files.

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默认情况下，每个FileStream都使用8 KB的缓冲区，因此该实现所使用的内存要远远少于前面读取并处理整个文件的代码。

By default, each FileStream USES a buffer of 8kb, so this implementation USES much less memory than the prior code that reads and processes the entire file.

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transferTo() 方法引发 DMA 引擎将文件内容拷贝到一个读取缓冲区。

The transferTo() method causes the file contents to be copied into a read buffer by the DMA engine.

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