... della domanda rispetto al pzzo 价格对需求弹性 della domanda rispetto al reddito 收入对需求弹性 delle aspettative 预期弹性 ...
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对产业升级的动因的解释，传统经济理论主要是从需求收入弹性变化和生产率上升两个角度进行的。
The traditional economic theories think that the changing in the demand income elasticity and the productivity enhancing are two primary drives of the industrial upgrading.
通常情况下，当收入增长时，消费者对某种商品需求的增加或减少将做出必然的反映，两者之间增量的比即是消费者对这种商品的收入需求弹性。
Generally speaking, when there is an increase of personal income, necessary responses will be made on the rising demand for certain commodities or services.
对中等发达地区医疗需求价格弹性的研究表明，1991—1998年间医院并未从次均医疗费用的持续过快增长中获得更多的收入。
The price elasticity of medical demand in middle -economic -level areas was analyzed during 1991-1998 in this paper.
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