人往往会在知觉上将社会世界扭曲成一个比真实情况来得更有次序、有组织、可预测,与有意义的世界。人们是透过很多巧妙的方法(各种认知机制)来让自己看不见真实。例如在判断两条路的交界时倾向将其规律化为九十度的直角;或是单凭第一印象就迅速地对他人未来可能的行为作出诸多预测。 事实上,人们不但将这世界知觉成比真实情况来得更有次序,人们还将世界扭曲成比较可控制。他们有系统地高估自己对事件的控制程度,而低估机运或不可控制因素在事件发展过程及其结果上所扮演的角色,Langer称此现象为『控制错觉』。
所以,整个情形就是当你面对危机时,突然你意识到这种控制只是一种错觉。
So, what happens is, when you face crisis, all of a sudden you realize that the control was an illusion.
在一天快要结束的时候而你处在危机之中,你对失去对局势的控制的幻觉破灭了,而这种控制正式各种错觉中最大的错觉。
I think that at the end of the day when you are in the midst of a crisis, your illusion of control-and I think control is the greatest of all illusions-your illusion of control just gets shattered.
错觉影响计划阶段,但是不影响在线控制阶段。
Visual illusions affected the planning of action but did not affect the on-line control of action.
Quasi-magical thinking is an illusion that they documented that occurs regularly in people, which they might deny if asked about, but there's an illusion that I can control randomness through my willpower.
准神奇式思考是一种错觉,会定期在人们的思维中出现,他们也许会否认这点,但的确存在一种错觉,使人误以为可以通过意志力控制随机事件
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