当这位意大利绅士得知我们是来过结婚纪念的，他于是送给我妻子一些格拉斯镇的香水，并且免费给我们上了一瓶香槟。

Then the Italian gentleman, learning that this was our anniversary trip, offered Elena some perfume from Grasse and — for both of us — a bottle of Champagne.

youdao

So, in all of this, what he does is he makes, to use an expression that I've already used before in the context of absolutism, he makes the Boyars, while he's building his navy and expanding Russia, he makes the Boyar junior partners in absolutism.

所以,通过所有的这些事情,用我之前用过的一个词来形容,他使得波维尔们,当他在建海军和扩张领土时,他使得波维尔贵族臣服在他的绝对权威之下

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选