如果大学在处理投诉和上诉上的花费和在市场营销上的花费一样多，它们在留住学生方面就会做得更好，在全国学生调查中也会得到回报。

If universities spent as much money on handling complaints and appeals appropriately as they spend on marketing, they would do better at keeping students, and in the National Student Survey returns.

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因此，当你找到网上那个满腹牢骚的博客作者，你就是在进行客户服务，同时也是公关，市场调查，市场营销，销售，以及产品开发。

So when you reach out to that kvetching blogger you found online, you're engaged in customer service as well as pr, market research, marketing, sales, and product development.

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很多纯粹主义者怀疑者到底是否一种真正的市场营销导向，因为它事后才做消费者调查。

Many purists doubt whether this is really a form of marketing orientation at all, because of the ex post status of consumer research.

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