控制器的设计是直接基于称为伪偏导数的向量，伪偏导数是通过新型参数估计算法，根据给出的永磁直流直线电机非线性系统模型的输入输出信息在线导出的。
The design of controller is based directly on pseudo- partial-derivatives (PPD) derived on-line from the input and output information of the system using a novel parameter estimation algorithm.
把一或多个交错话音频谱参数向量(606)和对应的一或多个交错内插话音参数模板(620)相互比较以导出一个距离。
The one or more intervening speech spectral parameter vectors (606) are compared to the corresponding one or more intervening interpolated speech parameter templates (620) to derive a distance.
利用矩阵几何解的方法，导出了系统稳态概率向量的明显表达式。
By using the matrix geometric solution method, we derive the explicit expressions for steady-state probability vector.
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