宏观量子隧道效应是基本的量子现象之一，即当微观粒子的总能量小于势垒高度时，该粒子仍能穿越这一势垒。近年来，人们发现一些宏观量，例如微颗粒的磁化强度，量子相干器件中的磁通量等亦有隧道效应，称为宏观的量子隧道效应。
简要介绍了纳米材料的表面效应、小尺寸效应、量子尺寸效应、宏观量子隧道效应等。
The characteristics of nano-materials were briefly introduced, such as surface effect, small size effect, quantum size effect, quantum tunnel effect.
因此水稻植硅石具备纳米材料的独特性状：表面效应、小尺寸效应、量子尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应。
According to nanometer theory, rice phytoliths must have properties of nanometer materials: surface effect, small size effect, quantum effect and macro quantum tunnel effect.
纳米微粒具有的表面效应、量子尺寸效应、宏观量子隧道效应等使纳米微粒具有特殊的物理和化学性质。
Nano-particle has surface effect, quantum dimension effect, and macro quantum effect and so on, which make nano-particle have particular physical and chemical properties.
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