如果这些类中的任何一个的子类需要覆盖默认行为，那么可以通过覆盖这个方法实现。

If a subclass of one of these classes needed to override the default behavior, it could do so by overriding the method.

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实现层次结构在Scala中的效果是相同的：我们可以向方法应用final来防止子类覆盖它，也可应用于类声明本身来防止继承。

Implementation hierarchy works the same way in Scala: We can apply final to the method to prevent a child class from overriding it or to the class declaration itself to prevent derivatives.

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Template Method 模式定义了基类算法的骨架，使用了抽象方法和覆盖将具体细节放到子类中。

The Template Method pattern defines the skeleton of an algorithm in a base class, using abstract methods and overriding to defer individual details to child classes.

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