我们称系统外部引起的变化为外部变化。

We call changes initiated outside of the system to be external changes.

youdao

你的任何细微行动都会导致增量的外部变化。

Any tiny action you take will lead to incremental outward changes.

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在这方面，我们必须重新调整在中国的宏观经济政策，以适应外部变化。

In this context, we must re-adjust the macroeconomic policy in China in order to adapt ourselves to external changes.

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The boundary is impervious to transfer of heat like a thermos Anything that happens inside of the thermos is an adiabatic change because the thermos has no connection in terms of energy to the outside world.

边界不能传递热量,像热水瓶一样,热水瓶里发生的任何事,都是绝热变化,因为热水瓶与外部世界,没有能量方面的联系。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选