堑壕战是由散兵坑演化来的一种利用低于地面的战壕进行作战,用于保护士兵躲避炮弹。该作战方式主要运用于火器时代阵地战当中,战争结束后士兵死后通常埋葬其中。
当防守方的优势火力迫使敌方广泛“掘壕”,以牺牲机动性来获得防护力时,就会发生堑壕战。
Trench warfare is resorted to when the superior firepower of the defense compels the opposing forces to "dig in" so extensively as to sacrifice their mobility in order to gain protection.
在那场战争的最后几个月里,彼得斯堡-里士满战区的壕沟体系是堑壕战在19世纪得到应用的先例。
The trench lines of the Petersburg–Richmond theatre of operations in the final months of that war were the foremost example of trench warfare in the 19th century.
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