这些因素共同导致了边缘批评呈现出非单纯艺术批评的特色。

These factors resulted in the fringe criticism's approach to the realistic literary criticism.

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人口出生率的下降以及越来越多的人出国留学，共同导致了参加高考人数的减少。

The falling birth rate and growing popularity of overseas educations have combined to pull down the number of people competing to get into China's universities.

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来自燃煤电厂和数以百万记的汽车和其它交通工具的空气污染共同导致了烟雾和雾霾等污染的产生。 。

Air pollution from coal-burning power plants and from millions of cars and other vehicles results in smog, or foggy pollution.

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