用光程函数和费马原理研究光栅的成像，用刻槽分布函数表示光栅的刻槽曲率及间距变化。
The groove pattern function was employed to express the curvature and groove space of aberration reducing gratings, and the dispersive system containing a single grating was discussed.
应用光程函数法计算出旋转对称电子光学系统的7级几何像差，给出旋转对称电磁场同时存在情况下的系统7级几何像差表示式。
The 7th order geometrical aberration of rotationally symmetrical electron optic system and their expressions are given by using the eikonal method when the electric and magnetic fields exit.
本文应用经典的等光程原理，导出了CGH器件上的位相函数计算系列方程；
On the basis of classic optics, a set of equations for calculating the phase function of CGH are obtained.
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