如何有效地度量和管理信用风险一直是学者和实践者们广泛关注的问题。

And how to measure and manage credit risk arouses great concern from scholars and practitioners in this field.

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近20年，随着越来越多的信用风险度量模型的建立和应用，信用风险管理也开始向工程化阶段过渡。

During the past 20 years, with more and more credit risk measurement models were applied, the management of credit risk has begun its transition to Engineering credit risk management.

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传统的度量和管理信用风险的方法和手段已远远不能适应当今社会发生的新情况和新问题，更不能满足人们对信用风险进行科学量化度量和有效管理的需要。

But traditional method of management to credit risk can not keep up with the development of our society and meet the need of scientific measurement and efficient management.

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