基于各种登录模块实现(使用数字证书，或由用户实现的登录模块实现)的安全领域超出了本文的范围。
Security realms based on login module implementations that either use digital certificates or are user implemented are beyond the scope of this article.
如果您正在使用自签名证书，则会显示如下安全警报。
The security alert shown below displays if you are using a self signed certificate.
服务提供者可以使用数字签名和安全服务令牌符号（例如 X509 证书），用它们来验证请求者的权利。
The provider could use digital signatures and secure service tokens (such as X509 certificates) that they have issued to validate the requestor's entitlements.
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