其理论核心为「低自我控制(low self-control)，认为犯罪即是 低自我控制之表现。个体追求短暂、立即性之满足，而常未考虑行为所 引发之长远后果的一种倾向。
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然而，一些自我控制能力低的研究对象更有可能是收入非常低的单亲父母，父母的健康状况很差，很可能是重度药物滥用者。
Whereas some of the low self-control study members are more likely to be single parents with a very low income and the parent is in poor health and likely to be a heavy substance abuser.
低血清素含量与不理智的冲动行为相关，所以降低血清素水平能确定自我控制和利他惩罚行为同样受血清素水平影响。
Low levels of serotonin have been linked with impulsive and irrational behavior, so reducing it could help determine whether self-control and altruistic punishment are affected by it in the same way.
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