并精确测定了仪器改装后的光栅转角计算公式，还讨论了仪器综合效率、光栅定位精度、滤光片的使用等问题。
In addition, some problems, such as the synthetical instrument efficiency, the precision of the grating location and the use of spectra! Filters, are also discussed.
在使用综合验光仪时，验光师会将一套的镜片放在眼睛的前面，并通过一种名叫眼底镜的轻便简易的仪器测量出它们是如何聚焦光线的。
Using an instrument called a phoropter, an optometrist places a series of lenses in front of your eyes and measures how they focus light using a hand held lighted instrument called a retinoscope.
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