在汽车纵向平面内，主销轴线上端略向后倾斜，这种现象称为主销后倾（Kingpin caster）。在纵向垂直平面内，主销轴线与垂线之间的夹角叫主销后倾角，其值大小对汽车转向与操纵性能密切相关。
根据该模型得出影响主销后倾测量精度的因素为主销内倾、车轮外倾及转角盘转角。
The model showed that the factors affecting the caster measuring precision are the kingpin inclination, the camber, and the turntable Angle.
进而通过主销横向、纵向偏移距以及主销内倾角和主销后倾角，计算出内倾拖距和后倾拖距。
Then through these two offsets, as well as kingpin inclination and caster, kingpin offset and caster trail can be calculated.
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