在化学上,两性的物质是指既可跟酸反应,又能跟碱反应的物质。金属如:Zn、Al、Sn、Pb、Be、Cr(俗称两性金属)和大部分类金属(metalloids)都可生成两性氧化物或氢氧化物。另外一类两性物质是指可接受和提供质子的两性分子,例如:胺基酸和蛋白质有胺基可接收质子,也有羧基可提供质子;而可自解离的水和氨分子,也是两性分子。弱酸的酸式盐(如NaHCO3)也是。
两性物质,既与酸也与碱发生反应生成盐。
An amphoteric compound reacts with both acids and bases to form salts.
不同的物质具有非常小的,然而又是差异较大的自递常数。因此,这种两性溶剂在滴定分析中找到了更为广阔的应用领域。
Various substance has very small autoprotolysis constants which, however, has more large difference, so that the amphoteric solvents are found more wide application in titrimetric analysis.
以硫酸化蓖麻油和季铵盐(ETA)为原料,在一定的反应条件下,硫酸化蓖麻油分子中的羟基与ETA发生取代反应,合成季铵型两性表面活性剂,与其它物质复配成两性皮革加脂剂。
The amphoteric surfactant was synthesized by sulfuric castor oil and ETA. The reaction condition of surfactant were deeply studied. The amphoteric fat liquor was recombinated with other surfactants.
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