它也是一种二元论形式，因为它承认心理状态和属性的不可还原性。

It is also a form of dualism, because it allows the irreducibility of mental states and properties.

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教育活动系统是一个特殊的复杂系统，具有非线性、不可还原性、自组织性、偶然性等特征。

The system of educational activities is a special complex system, it has the characteristics of nonlinear, irreducibility, self organization, contingency etc.

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课堂教学活动是一个特殊的复杂系统，具有非线性、不可还原性、自组织性、偶然性和开放性等特征。

The system of teaching activities is a special complex system; it has the characteristics of non-linear, irreducibility, self-organization, contingency, openness etc.

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