热水会打断谷物中淀粉的分子链，将其裂解为一种类似糖的物质，称为麦芽汁。然后经过稀释、煮沸之后，麦芽汁被转移到一个酿造箱中。

The hot water will break down the starch in the grain, turning it into a sugary substance called wort, which is then diluted, boiled, and transferred to a fermentation tank.

youdao

蔗糖，白砂糖是由一个葡萄糖分子和一个果糖分子组成的二糖。

Sucrose, table sugar, is a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose.

youdao

You can just say it's RNA or DNA and you know everything about the pentose in every molecule on the chain.

你只需要说它是一个RNA或者DNA,就能知道,每个核苷酸分子的戊糖

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选