表皮生长因子受体通常促进细胞的生长发育，一旦发生基因变异，会使细胞不受控制地生长。细胞不受控制地生长，这正是癌症的特征。

EGFR normally promotes cell growth and development, and when mutated, allows the uncontrolled growth of cells that is the hallmark of cancer.

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这个基因编码的生长因子能够促进神经元之间新的突触连接，使记忆延续。

This gene encodes a growth factor that promotes new synaptic connections between neurons so that a memory is retained.

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我们已经觉察到了问题的出现——把人的生长素基因转移到猪身上当然会促进猪的生长——但也会使他们得关节炎和斗鸡眼，这些是完全曾预料到的。

We are already seeing this problem―adding human growth hormone genes to pigs certainly makes them grow―but it also gives them arthritis and makes them cross-eyed, which was entirely unpredictable．

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