苹果；冠层特性；温度；叶绿素荧光；着色；品质。
Apple; Canopy characteristics; Temperature; Chlorophyll fluorescence; Coloring; Quality.
研究结果表明：1、大豆群体冠层特性在品种间存在一定区别，共有共性。
The results indicated as follows:1. There are some differences and similarities in canopy characteristics of soybean population between different cultivars.
大垄双行种植的玉米群体冠层内，叶片光合特性也有不同程度的改善。
Photosynthesis characteristic of maize were improved by planting double line at one width ridge.
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