The energy minimum of transporting a substrate is obtained, which has the same order as the energy from one ATP hydrolyzed.

给出了排出一个底物所需能量的下限，此下限与水解一个ATP所提供的能量在同一个数量级。

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The result discovered that, regarding this kind of large molecular cluster of structure optimization, we can very effectively find the local energy minimum by classical molecular dynamics.

结果表明，对于这种大的分子团簇的结构优化，经典分子动力学能很有效地找到体系局部势能极小值。

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Scientists using this theory to trace our universe backward in time have found that its beginning point had a minimum volume that is not zero and a maximum energy that is not infinite.

科学家使用该理论追踪我们的早期宇宙，发现宇宙开始点拥有一个最小的体积，但是并不是零，一个最大的能量但不是无穷大。

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In other words, if we don't have to worry about entropy or volume equilibrium is achieved when energy is at a minimum.

换句话说，如果我们不担心熵,和体积的平衡,那么能量就得是最小的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So what we're saying here is the incident energy, so the energy coming in, is just equal to the minimum energy that's required to eject an electron.

这里我们来讨论一下，入射能量正好等于,发射出一个电子所需要的最低能量的情况。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

OK, so R minimum, the minimum separation occurs when the energy is at its minimum.

好的，所以R处是最小值，间距最小值出现在,当能量为最小的时候。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

The EPA is likely to set minimum standards of energy efficiency and to mandate the use of particular green technologies, among other things.

ECONOMIST: Climate-change policy

Many Senate Republicans--especially in the Southeast where wind power is scarce--aren't comfortable with the "renewable portfolio standard" mandating utilities provide a minimum amount of clean energy production.

FORBES: Why The Energy Bill Will Die

So the real controversy is what minimum level of solar energy at 65N is the threshold for the descent into an ice age and how unstable the weather becomes near that threshold.

FORBES: Will Angelina Jolie Help End Climate-Change Denial, And Help The Republican Party?