Issues certificates only to certificate holders (end entities).

只给证书所有者(最终实体)发行证书。

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The system context documents how the entire system, represented as a black box, interacts with external entities (systems and end users).

系统上下文对表示为黑盒的整个系统如何与外部实体(系统和最终用户)交互做文档说明。

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Behavior for these entities would end up being pushed up to the service or the view layer.

这些实体的行为最终由服务或视图层实现。

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This has prompted predictions that regulators may end up treating such entities not as a single shareholder, but as a collection of individual investors.

ECONOMIST: And will its new financing scheme fall foul of regulators?

To that end, several off-balance-sheet entities were set up.

ECONOMIST: The tragedy of one company's rise and fall