The economists Emmanuel Saez and Thomas Piketty studied the incomes of the top 0.1% of earners in America, Britain and France in 1913-2008.

经济学家埃曼纽尔•萨兹和托马斯•皮凯迪（Emmanuel Saez and Thomas Piketty）研究了1913年至2008年。 美国、英国和法国最富的0.1%人口的收入。

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But work by two academics, Thomas Piketty and Emmanuel Saez, shows that inequality has been just as marked in pre-tax as in post-tax incomes.

但是Thomas Piketty和Emmanuel Saez两位学者的研究表明，税后收入的差距和税前一样显著。

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Yet after rising steadily since the mid-1980s, reckon Thomas Piketty and Emmanuel Saez, two economists, in 2007 the income share of the richest percentile reached a staggering 18.3%.

然而，自20世纪80年代中期始，这些家庭的年收入稳步上升，据Thomas Piketty和Emmanuel Saez这两位经济学家的计算，2007年1%最富裕家庭年收入总和的比重高得令人咂舌，达18.3%。

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Economists who specialize in these matters, including Thomas Piketty, Emmanuel Saez, and Peter Diamond, typically argue that a marginal rate around 70 percent maximizes revenue.

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The Berkeley web site of Emmanuel Saez provides the startling figures.

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The economists Emmanuel Saez and Thomas Piketty have found that ninety-three per cent of the gains during the 2009-10 recovery went to the top one per cent of earners.

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