In their 1916 papers, both G. N. Lewis and W. Kossel pointed to the electron configurations of these elements as especially stable.

在1916年的论文中，G·N·刘易斯(G . N . Lewis)和W·科塞尔(w . Kossel)都指出，这些原子的电子构型非常稳定。

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So, if we took the case of nitrogen, if we add an electron to nitrogen and go to n minus, we find that the change in energy is 7 kilojoules per mole.

如果我们以氮为例，如果我们给氮增加个电子令它变成-1价的氮，我们会发现能量的变化是，7，千焦每摩尔。

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And, in fact, it can't even reach n, because then we would have no potential energy at all in our electron, which is not correct.

事实上，它连n都达不到，因为如果那样的话，电子就没有势能了，这是不可能的。

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And an electron is something where, i n fact, we might be able to, if we calculate it and see how that works out, actually observe some of its wave-like properties.

如果我们对电子做计算,并且知道如何算出来的,那么我们是可以观测到,电子的一些波动性质的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So we have 4 plus 5, but we're actually not done yet, because it's c n minus, so if we have minus, we actually have an extra electron in our molecule.

我们有四个加上五个，但是我们实际上还没做完，因为这是个负离子，所以如果我们有这个负号，那么我们的分子实际上还有一个额外的电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

That energy will be absorbed by the hydrogen atom, n=1 the electron will rise from n equals one n=2 to n equals two.

这能量将会被氢原子吸收，这个电子会从,上升到。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选