In quantum cryptography, as in most long-distance data transmission, the information is carried by photons, the particles which compose light and other sorts of electromagnetic radiation.

光子是光线和其它种类电磁辐射的构成粒子，同大部分的远距离数据传输方法一样，量子加密法中信息是通过光子传输的。

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When a CME hits, the solar particles can interact with Earth's magnetic field to produce powerful electromagnetic fluctuations. (Related: "Magnetic-Shield Cracks Found; Big solar Storms Expected.")

当一批日冕物质抛射来临，太阳粒子可与地球的磁场相互作用形成强有力的电磁波动。

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The theory’s vindication would come only with a glimpse of W and Z bosons—particles which, it posited, carried the weak force, just as photons carried the electromagnetic one.

因为，这个理论的最终证实， 惟赖人们一瞥玻色子W和Z的真容——该理论推断这两种粒子携带弱相互作用力，就像光子携带有电磁力一样。

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Vibrations in these correspond to the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces, and particles that interact through those forces.

ECONOMIST: A matter of gravity

Directed energy (DE) is an umbrella term covering technologies that produce a beam of concentrated electromagnetic energy or atomic or subatomic particles as a direct means to damage or destroy adversary equipment, facilities, and personnel.

FORBES: U.S. Navy Pioneers Next-Gen Electric Weaponry

Dr Haroche worked on photons (the particles of light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation).

ECONOMIST: The 2012 Nobel prizes