By systemic effects, I mean something that affects the whole financial system.

通过这种系统性作用,我指的那种影响整个金融体系的作用

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

"This gives us more understanding of how asthma affects different people, and its effects in developing as well as developed countries, " she said.

BBC: Asthma risk 'linked to burgers'

Part of this masculinisation process affects the brain, and even quite small superfluous doses of the hormone can have effects on developing female brains.

ECONOMIST: The fetus is father of the man