Hagel said international penalties are taking a heavy toll on Iran, though he said no one can be sure that economiccoercion will compel Iran to change course.
Skills-based capacity building and training programs have helped to teach trades and vocational capabilities, and socio-educational organizations have emerged to help provide guidance and extra-curricular activities to individuals and children who may otherwise be at risk of recruitment into extremist groups, be that through lack of other options or economiccoercion.
If spending, however, is funded by coercion and apart from economic calculation, scarce goods are wasted, and the result is relative impoverishment, prolonged recession, and unemployment.