Objective To observe the effects of epidural anaesthesia (EA) and general anaesthesia (GA) on the changes of plasma epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).
目的观察在硬膜外麻醉和全身麻醉下,腹腔镜胆囊切除术中血浆肾上腺素(E) 和去甲肾上腺素(NE) 的变化。
LC the final heat treatment is followed by cold drawing involving limited deformation. Appropriate further processing allows a certain degree of cold forming e. g. bending, expanding.
冷加工(软)最后热处理之后进行小变形量的冷加工,对钢管再加工时允许有限的冷变形(例如:弯曲,扩口)。
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