The clincher: Once a prototype drug works against one kinase, Vertex figures it can easily tweak the compound to inhibit other siblings in the kinase family--and then attack other protein groups, as well.

FORBES: Machine Gunner

By 1993 Inhale had a flashlight-size prototype, but most drug companies, wary after setbacks with nasal insulin, weren't interested.

FORBES: Waiting to Inhale

The prototype for targeted therapy is Roche's breast cancer drug Herceptin.

FORBES: American Society of Clinical Oncology