According to foreign linguists and psycholinguists, there are three main reading models: bottom-up model, top-down model and interactive model.

外国专家对阅读模式进行了研究，主要有三个阅读模式：自下而上、自上而下、相互作用模式。

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In addition to supporting a top-down model-driven approach, the solution approach enables a bottom-up approach for the development of new services.

除了支持自顶向下的模型驱动方法之外，此解决方案方法还允许采用自底向上方法来开发新的服务。

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After we brush up the study on the models of reading process, three major models are often cited: the bottom-up model, the top-down model and the interactive model.

在回顾了大量关于阅读过程的研究之后，我们发现阅读的过程大致可分为三种模式：自下而上模式，自上而下模式和交替模式。

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"And,what you see is a new economy breaking through what's breaking down: that heavy,industrialized, over-ambitious,over-productive, over-consumptive model, which is actually going to completely destroy our chancesof survival in the future.

VOA: standard.2010.02.24

Of course I am overemphasizing this top down model to make my point.

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The Lumia 820 is a slightly stripped down model with the same processor and updated software aimed at the mid-range consumer.

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The small-but-steady approach of birds, bees, and ants offers a better model for changing human behavior than the hop-to-it top-down model used by many companies and governments.

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