Those extemal factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race, gender, or ability.

那些外部因素包括伴随底薪工作而来的困难或基于种族、性别或能力的结构性歧视。

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A 2010 survey on college graduates employment by China University of Political Science and Law revealed that more than half suffered employment discrimination from gender to age, height to Hukou.

一项由中国政法大学于2010年发起的毕业生求职调查显示，超过一半的学生遭受过性别、年龄和户口等方面的就业歧视。

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Ageism frequently intersects with other forms of discrimination based on gender, race, disability and other grounds, compounding and intensifying its effects.

年龄歧视往往与基于性别、种族、残疾和其他理由的其他形式歧视交织在一起，使其影响得到加剧和强化。

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Of course, in those days there were no laws forbidding employer discrimination based on gender or race.

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And for more than a decade, Wal-Mart has been battling several claims against pay discrimination based on gender.

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Yet, Japan is faced with discrimination based on gender and ethnical belonging.

FORBES: 5 Things I Learned About Japan, Life and Business From A Girl