It's used to describe the ways PE firms turn profit outside of the differential between purchase and sale price (using lots of leverage, dividend recaps, deal fees, etc.).

它描述的是私募股权公司从买卖差价中获取利润的方式(采用大量杠杆、股息资本重组、交易费等等)。

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Differential service operation and purchase.

差异化服务运行和购买。

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