Langmuir probe, as a simple and ideal technology, is used to measure many plasma parameters including plasma spatial potential, electron temperature, electron density, ion density and so on.

通过伸入放电室中的Langmuir探针，可以测量包括等离子体电位、电子温度、电子密度、离子密度在内的许多表征等离子体的重要参数。

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All three batteries use automotive-grade lithium-ion cells arranged for optimal energy density, thermal management, and safety.

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Since then, Li-ion batteries have barely tripled their volumetric energy density, while processor transistor count has zoomed more than a thousand-fold.

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