As Poldrack explains it, the brain learns in two different ways. One, called declarative learning, deals with learning active facts that can be recalled and used with great flexibility.

正如波德瑞克所解释的那样，大脑有两种不同的学习方式，一种叫做叙述式学习，用来学习积极内容，即人们可以回忆起来并能很灵活地加以运用的东西。

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The problem, Poldrack said, is that the two types of learning seem to be competing with each other, and when someone is distracted, habit learning seems to take over from declarative learning.

波德瑞克说问题就在于这两种学习方法似乎会彼此抗衡，当一个人分心时，习惯式学习方式似乎会取代叙述式学习方式。

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Typically, there only post-learning measures, and all too often those measures are only aimed at declarative knowledge (e.g., recalling facts and definitions).

通常，只有后学习的措施，所有这些措施往往只在陈述性知识(例如，回顾事实和定义)为目标。

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