The chip after sliding over the tool rake face is lifted away from the tool, and the resultant curvature of the chip is termed as chip curl.

滑过刀具前倾面的切屑被提升离开刀具，切屑弯曲的结果被称为切屑卷。

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This paper describes the error in focimeters, the principle of selection on curvature of inside face for vertex power of standard lenses and the method for measuring them.

本文叙述了焦度计的误差，顶焦度标准镜片内表面弯度的选择原则，以及标准镜片的测量方法等。

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The calculating formulas on the main curvature and curvature radius of CAM and face tooth are deduced, and the calculating examples are presented.

推导了空间凸轮和端齿的主曲率和主曲率半径的计算公式，给出了计算实例。

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