The density of crystal defects in the region near the crystal surface is greater than that in the center.

晶体的靠近表面的区域缺陷较密集，中心部分较少。

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It is found that outcrops of micropipes on the crystal surface possess remarkable feature of double or multiple screw dislocations.

利用光学显微术观察了原生晶体的表面形貌，发现了微管在晶体表面的露头点具有明显的多个螺位错成核特征。

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The experiment methods are generally crystal surface reflection or metallic foil projection in the textbooks of modern physics experiments.

在一般的近代物理实验教材中，关于电子衍射实验采用的是晶体表面反射衍射或金属箔透射衍射。

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They then heated the crystal for 24 hours to up to 2, 700 degrees Fahrenheit--a process that forces the crystal surface to reorganize itself into a sawtooth pattern at three-nanometer intervals (at that breadth, 30, 000 such jagged edges side by side would be as wide as one human hair).

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The researchers then spray the crystal's surface with a specially designed polymer dissolved in a hydrocarbon-based solvent.

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This signal causes the surface of the crystal to undulate.

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