Conventional unbonded flexible pipe designs are a multi-layer construction based upon a thermoplastic pipe liner reinforced with metallic materials.
常规的无粘结柔性管采用的是多层构造，主要为金属材料增强的热塑性管道衬里。
Taking into account the friction force between obturator ring and liner, this approach is closer to the real condition than the conventional one.
该方法考虑了闭气环与衬套之间的摩擦力，比常规方法更接近实际；
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