Of 58 countries whose reactions are tracked by the World Bank, 48 have imposed price controls, consumer subsidies, export restrictions or lower tariffs.

在世界银行所追踪的58个国家的反应中，48个国家实施了价格控制，消费者补助，出口限制或者低关税。

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In that scenario, Americans can have more teachers, solar energy subsidies and Bridges without sacrificing a dime in corporate investments or consumer spending.

在这种情况下，美国人可以拥有更多的教育资源，更多的太阳能补贴和桥梁，而且，这一切根本不需要企业或者消费者多花一分钱。

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But recent reports showed U.S.consumer confidence dipping and consumer spending down as government subsidies to purchase new cars have ended and tax credits for first-time home buyers are soon to expire.

VOA: standard.2009.11.01

However, that meant the phone companies are now incented to sell competing products from other manufacturers whose devices cost less to buy because the consumer subsidies are much smaller.

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Nomura Securities economist Zhiwei Zhang said to expect policy measures similar to those used in 2008 (consumer good subsidies, infrastructure projects) as well as further action on public housing.

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Beijing may adopt other policy measures to support economic activity, such as opening up more strategic industries (eg, railway, power and telecom, and services) to private investment, providing special assistance to small and midsized enterprises and export companies, and, possibly, offering specific consumer spending subsidies.

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