The researchers reviewed a series of recent health insurance surveys and found that today's insurance plans already require a substantial amount of consumer cost-sharing.

研究者们回顾了一系列近期的健康保险调查，发现现在的保险计划已经对于消费者成本分担数量要求很高。

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If the company passes on the cost to consumers, then the consumer pays the hidden tax.

如果公司将成本转移到消费者，那么消费者相当于支付间接税。

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The Four p's is also being replaced by the Four c's model, consisting of consumer, cost, convenience, and communication.

四个P可以用四个C来代替，包括消费者、成本、方便和传播。

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Premium increases would have been even higher in 2003--an estimated average 18%--if not for increased consumer cost-sharing through higher deductibles, copayments and coinsurance, the study said.

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What is true for the United States and Europe also holds true for countries such as Mexico: Technological progress in the mobile telephony market has led to unprecedented access to information and services, reduction in consumer cost and has lifted millions of people of people out of poverty, bridging the digital divide.

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Consumer food cost inflation, relative to all other goods, has risen to twice its 2005-2007 rate of increase as well due to sharp increases in corn, soybean and wheat prices.

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