Mr Bush had to act in part because allowing near-warfare between Israelis and Palestinians was becoming even more damaging to American interests in the region than Mr Clinton's constant meddling.
Despite the fanfare surrounding last week's arrival of 1, 000 American paratroopers at a muddy airstrip 30 miles north of Irbil, and the constant flow of men and materiel to the region, Kurdish officials admit that the northern front will be a considerably downsized affair.