...取分歧的数值,这些量叫做变量(variable);另一些量在过程的进行中却连结必然的数值不变,这些量叫做常量(constant quantity),例如,在匀速直线活动中,速度是一个常量,而时候和旅程都是变量,又如,把一个密闭容器内的气体加热时,气体的体积是一个常量...
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If you have a quantity which is constant over any closed path, that quantity is a thermodynamics state function.
如果有一个物理量,对任何闭合回路积分是常数,这个物理量就是一个热力学态函数。
Then we can take the derivative of that quantity, when we vary the temperature, holding the volume constant.
即恒定体积,改变温度,这里恒定温度下。
And that implies that since the quantity we want is given by this quantity, which is zero times a constant, the quantity we want is also zero.
因为我们需要的量,是由这个量乘以一个常数,因为这个量是零,因此我们需要的量也是零。
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