Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) need to be either directly grown or assembled on a conducting substrate for the measurement of their field emission properties.

要实现碳纳米管优异的场发射性能，或者在基体上直接生长碳纳米管，或者把碳纳米管组装到某一基体上。

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As an initial stage on the process of foamed nickel preparation, a layer with low phosphorus content nickel deposit is applied on polyurethane foam substrate as a conducting layer.

在制备泡沫镍材料的过程中，首先要求在聚氨酯海绵基体上低磷化学镀镍制备导电层。

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