Indoor experiment and application study shows it is an effective method for testing thickness of tunnel concrete lining.

室内试验和工程应用研究表明，该方法为隧洞混凝土衬砌厚度检测提供了一个有效的测试手段。

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Further, the paper discussed the necessity of using full concrete lining for the Xiaowan plunge pool and made new proposals for its bottom elevation, length and shape.

文中还讨论了小湾水垫塘采用全面混凝土衬砌的必要性，并对水垫塘底板高程、长度及体型提出了新建议。

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The dynamic finite element method is employed to analyze the failure mechanism of vaulted tunnel concrete lining and the factors influencing failure range under the impact of explosion.

运用动力有限元数值方法，研究了拱形坑道衬砌在爆破荷载作用下的破坏机理与影响破坏范围的主要因素。

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All this concrete ends up lining streams and waterfalls, but it also has contributed to the "heat island" effect in Tokyo.

NPR: Public Works Endanger Japan's Environment