Based on the theory of the viscoelastic rheological model, the coupled mechanical model of the soft rocks, the concrete sheath and the casing is developed.

以黏弹性流变模型理论为基础，建立软岩层、水泥环和套管流变耦合的力学模型。

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Therefore, extensive angle monitoring is adopted to observe the structure response of steel casing, reinforcing steel bar and concrete.

为此采用广角度监测技术，跟踪观测钢护筒、桩身钢筋和混凝土的应力响应。

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To get at the oil and gas trapped in shale, drillers use powerful hydraulic pumps to force water and chemicals through holes punched in the concrete-and-steel well casing.

FORBES: Shale Boom Still Has Plenty Of Room To Run

In addition, rebar casing was punched 165 feet into the bedrock and encased in concrete, and 18 caissons and 54 piles were also utilized to provide stability to the building.

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