In theory, the European Commission is encouraging similar competition with its new payment-services directive (PSD), due to come into force in 2009.

理论上来讲，欧委会奖励与新的付费服务导航同样的竞争，因为这种系统2009年才生效。

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Once a member state has transposed the directive into its own laws it is obliged to notify the commission and prove conformity.

一旦成员国将指令变为国内法时，其必须通知委员会并证明一致性。

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Innovation is not only coming from entrepreneurs and educators: As part of a major education directive, the European Commission is set to launch an open education resource Web site later this week.

不止企业家和教育家在进行革新，欧盟委员会也将在线学习作为教育政策的题中之义，一个欧盟委员会管理下的公开教育资源网站将在本周内投入运营。 。

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The European Court of Justice annulled a European Commission directive banning tobacco advertising in sport.

ECONOMIST: Macs to the wall

The European Commission has issued a directive requiring common standards, which promises deliverance from such nonsense.

ECONOMIST: A better way to fly

The Commission wants a new directive, less strict - whilst opinion in the Parliament is for more stringent health and safety measures.

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