The tragic history of colonial people, the endless conflict between major powers, especially the two world wars, have left painful lessons in the history of mankind.

殖民地人民的悲惨历史，大国间连绵不断的冲突，特别是两次世界大战，都给人类留下了沉痛的历史教训。

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In 2006 they wrote a counter-insurgency manual that drew partly on Britain's colonial wars.

ECONOMIST: Britain's armed forces

Its founders included Portugal's authoritarian regime under Salazar, mired in colonial wars in various parts of Africa.

ECONOMIST: Heirs of Pericles

Some people have retorted that such a canon should also reflect the unhappier moments in the Dutch past, including colonial wars and the failure to save many Jews from the Nazis.

ECONOMIST: Living with Islam