This thesis gives the definition of metaphor from the perspectives of traditional rhetorical view, pragmatic view and cognitive view, etc.

本文从传统的修辞观、语用观、认知观等方面对隐喻的概念作了界定；

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Thee cognitive view, on the other hand, sees semantics (structures of meaning) as being more important than syntax (structures of grammar).

另一方面，认知观认为语义学(意义结构)比句法学(语法结构)更为重要。

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In the cognitive view, metaphor is not merely a matter of words but is rather a fundamental mode of cognition affecting all human thought and action.

从认知的观点来看，隐喻不只是用词的问题，而是一种影响人类思维和行为的基本认知模式。

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According to Norah Rudin, a forensic-DNA consultant in Mountain View, California, forensic scientists are beginning to accept that cognitive bias exists, but there is still a lot of resistance to the idea, because examiners take the criticism personally and feel they are being accused of doing bad science.

ECONOMIST: Forensic science

In my view, then, creativity relies on manipulating, attacking or changing the cognitive frameworks we are working within.

FORBES: How To Be More Creative